OBJECTIVE FORESTRY

Detailed explanation-1: -Galls are abnormal plant growths caused by insects, mites, nematodes, fungi, bacteria and viruses. Galls can be caused by feeding or egg-laying of insects and mites. Insect galls rarely affect plant health and their numbers vary from season to season. Control is generally not suggested.

Detailed explanation-2: -Gall mites (Eriophyidae) are very small, usually white, sausage-shaped mites with only two pairs of legs. Gall mites are usually found in erineum galls and various types of pouch galls, often on the buds of leaves.

Detailed explanation-3: -Leaf gall-Exobasidium vaccinii Leaves infected with the leaf gall fungus are partly or all thickened, distorted, and crisp. White or pinkish spores cover the infected tissue. The fungus that causes leaf gall spreads by air only during wet weather.

Detailed explanation-4: -Fungal Galls Several different fungi cause enlargements and thickening of leaves and shoots. Affected plant parts are usually many times larger than normal, and are often discolored and succulent. Some leaf or stem galls turn brown and hard with age. The galls are unsightly but rarely harmful to the plant.