OBJECTIVE FORESTRY

Detailed explanation-1: -Larvae can strip all old needles from trees. New foliage is not preferred. Mortality and top kill can occur on some hosts after consecutive years of defoliation.

Detailed explanation-2: -White pine has five needles per bundle, while red and jack pines have two needles. All the other native conifers with green needles year around in our region have single or individual needles attaching to the stem.

Detailed explanation-3: -Sawfly damage is caused by the larvae that feed on the plants in several different ways, depending on the species. Some leave holes or notches in the leaves, while others skeletonize the leaves by completely devouring the tissue between the veins. They may roll up the leaves or spin webs.