OBJECTIVE FORESTRY

Detailed explanation-1: -A typical soil is about 50% solids (45% mineral and 5% organic matter), and 50% voids (or pores) of which half is occupied by water and half by gas.

Detailed explanation-2: -In fact, a typical soil is comprised of 50% solids and 50% pore (empty) space. To break that down even further a typical mineral soil is comprised of 45% minerals, 5% organic matter, 25% air, and 25% water.

Detailed explanation-3: -In the last phase, the solid phase comprises 50% of the total soil volume. This phase is mainly represented by inorganic and organic solid components that make up 45% and 5%, respectively, of soil volume.

Detailed explanation-4: -Background. The soil bulk density (BD), also known as dry bulk density, is the weight of dry soil (Msolids) divided by the total soil volume (Vsoil). The total soil volume is the combined volume of solids and pores which may contain air (Vair) or water (Vwater), or both (figure 1).