OBJECTIVE FORESTRY

Detailed explanation-1: -Correct: Accumulation of clay represents translocation within the soil profile. The layer in which the clay accumulates would be a B horizon. The development of strong prismatic structure would also support the B horizon designation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Materials that commonly accumulate are clay, soluble salts, and/or iron. Minerals in the B horizon may be undergoing transformations such as chemical alteration of clay structure. In human modified landscapes, processes such as erosion can sometimes strip away overlying horizons and leave a B horizon at the surface.

Detailed explanation-3: -Solution: The illuviation process takes place in a particular area or layer of soil. The soil horizon for illuviation is called the B horizon and the area is called the zone of illuviation.

Detailed explanation-4: -The B horizon lies underneath the A horizon and is commonly called the subsoil. It is the horizon of maximum accumulation, or illuviation, of clay, iron, aluminum, or other compounds leached from the A horizon. In some soils the B horizon forms through alteration of material in place rather than by illuviation.