OBJECTIVE FORESTRY

Detailed explanation-1: -O horizons : are soil layers with a high percentage of organic matter. Typically within a woodland area there are three distinct organic layers: one of leaves, pine needles and twigs (Oi); underlain by a partially decomposed layer (Oe); and then a very dark layer of well decomposed humus (Oa).

Detailed explanation-2: -O HORIZON-This is the top layer of soil that is made up of living and decomposed materials like leaves, plants, and bugs. This layer is very thin and is usually pretty dark. A HORIZON-This is the layer that we call “topsoil” and it is located just below the O Horizon.

Detailed explanation-3: -The uppermost horizon is called the “organic” horizon or “O” horizon. It consists of detritus, leaf litter and other organic material lying on the surface of the soil. This layer is dark because of the decomposition that is occurring. The organic materials in this layer decompose into nutrients that enrich the soils.

Detailed explanation-4: -O horizons or layers: Layers dominated by organic material, consisting of undecomposed or partially decomposed litter, such as leaves, needles, twigs, moss, and lichens, which has accumulated on the surface; they may be on top of either mineral or organic soils.

Detailed explanation-5: -The O horizon is an organic layer made of wholly or partially decayed plant and animal debris. The O horizon generally occurs in undisturbed soil, since plowing mixes the organic material into the soil. In a forest, fallen leaves, branches, and other debris make up the O horizon.