OBJECTIVE FORESTRY

Detailed explanation-1: -Scientists attribute soil formation to the following factors: Parent material, climate, biota (organisms), topography and time. These factors interact to form more than 1, 108 different soil series in Minnesota.

Detailed explanation-2: -Physical properties of soil include color, texture, structure, porosity, density, consistence, aggregate stability, and temperature.

Detailed explanation-3: -Soil properties such as thickness, grain distribution (texture), chemical composition, physical-mechanical, and hydrophysical features are directly determined by the parent rock.

Detailed explanation-4: -Soils are formed through the interaction of five major factors: time, climate, parent material, topography and relief, and organisms. The relative influence of each factor varies from place to place, but the combination of all five factors normally determines the kind of soil developing in any given place.

Detailed explanation-5: -Parent material is the starting point for most soil development. The parent material may be mineral rock and/or organic matter.