OBJECTIVE FORESTRY

Detailed explanation-1: -Bryophytes is the informal group name for mosses, liverworts and hornworts. They are non-vascular plants, which means they have no roots or vascular tissue, but instead absorb water and nutrients from the air through their surface (e.g., their leaves).

Detailed explanation-2: -Characteristics of Nonvascular Plants They not only lack vascular tissues; they also lack true leaves, seeds, and flowers. Instead of roots, they have hair-like rhizoids to anchor them to the ground and to absorb water and minerals (see Figure below).

Detailed explanation-3: -Mosses and liverworts are small, primitive, non-vascular plants. They lack the conductive tissue most plants use to transport water and nutrients. Instead, moisture is absorbed directly into cells by osmosis.

Detailed explanation-4: -Nonvascular plants do not possess any special organs for the absorption and transport of water; instead, the plant cells absorb water and nutrients from their wet surroundings at their surface by diffusion and pass them from cell to cell.

Detailed explanation-5: -Nonvascular plants (often referred to collectively as the bryophytes) include three groups: the mosses (Bryophyta), approximately 15, 000 species; liverworts (Hepaticophyta), approximately 7500 species; and hornworts (Anthocerophyta), approximately 250 species (Table 1).