OBJECTIVE FORESTRY

Detailed explanation-1: -A HORIZON-This is the layer that we call “topsoil” and it is located just below the O Horizon. This layer is made up of minerals and decomposed organic matter and it is also very dark in color. This is the layer that many plants roots grow in.

Detailed explanation-2: -The O horizon is typically at the top of the soil structure and is made up of mostly organic matter. This organic matter is vital to the growth of crops and other plants because it holds nutrients such as carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen and sulfur.

Detailed explanation-3: -Answer: Topsoil is the most fertile soil because it consists of humus. Soil erosion removes topsoil, thus decreasing soil fertility. The formation of topsoil by the process of weathering takes a very long time.

Detailed explanation-4: -The B horizon lies underneath the A horizon and is commonly called the subsoil. It is the horizon of maximum accumulation, or illuviation, of clay, iron, aluminum, or other compounds leached from the A horizon. In some soils the B horizon forms through alteration of material in place rather than by illuviation.

Detailed explanation-5: -We plant seeds for plants to grow in the topsoil. It is the topmost layer of soil. Plants get minerals and organic matter or humus required for their growth from this layer.