OBJECTIVE FORESTRY

Detailed explanation-1: - Organic matter Organic matter-occur where formerly shallow ponds supported swamp vegetation. The wet conditions slowed decay of the dead plants so that organic matter could accumulate. The two types of organic soils are referred to as peat and muck.

Detailed explanation-2: -Humus is dark, organic material that forms in soil when plant and animal matter decays.

Detailed explanation-3: -Soils containing 12% to 18% SOC are generally classified as organic soils. It can be divided into 3 genera: the living biomass of microbes, fresh and partially decomposed detritus, and humus. Surface plant litter, i. e., fresh vegetal detritus, is generally excluded from SOM.

Detailed explanation-4: -Examples of organic matter. Manures and composts widely used by gardeners include: Animal manures: faeces, urine and bedding from farms and stables, that may be rotted or unrotted. Bark chips: chipped bark and other uncomposted woody waste can deplete soil nitrogen so are best used as a mulch on the soil surface.

Detailed explanation-5: -Soils can be divided into two groups: organic soils are those that are formed from sedimentation and primarily composed of organic matter, while those that are formed from the weathering of rocks and are primarily composed of inorganic material are called mineral soils.