PSYCHOLOGY OF EMOTIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -However, studies have shown that low leptin levels can increase food absorption and suppress energy expenditure; in contrast, increased leptin levels can suppress appetite and increase energy consumption [4].

Detailed explanation-2: -Leptin is a mediator of long-term regulation of energy balance, suppressing food intake and thereby inducing weight loss.

Detailed explanation-3: -⬆Ghrelin-increases hunger, secreted by an empty stomach. ⬆Orexin-increases hunger, secreted by the hypothalamus.

Detailed explanation-4: -Leptin exerts immediate effects by acting on the brain to regulate appetite (Figure 1). Via ObRb-receptor binding in the hypothalamus, leptin activates a complex neural circuit comprising of anorexigenic (i.e. appetite-diminishing) and orexigenic (i.e. appetite-stimulating) neuropeptides to control food intake.