THE PSYCHOLOGY OF EMOTIONS
STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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John ingests some caffeine, and immediate can feel that he does not feel the same as he used to. He is energized, and because of the similar effects to adenosine he is not feeling tired. This clearly means that caffeine is a:
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psychoactive drug
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withdrawal symptom
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example of psychological dependence
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example of physical dependence
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highly addictive substance
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Explanation:
Detailed explanation-1: -Caffeine acts as an adenosine-receptor antagonist. This means that it binds to these same receptors, but without reducing neural activity. Fewer receptors are thus available to the natural “braking” action of adenosine, and neural activity therefore speeds up (see animation).
Detailed explanation-2: -Therefore, according to Snyder et al, caffeine differs from adenosine in that caffeine permits neurotransmitter release when it is bound to adenosine receptors, whereas adenosine inhibits neruo transmitter release.
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