SOLAR SYSTEM

Detailed explanation-1: -The basic tool that Galileo used was a crude refracting telescope. His initial version only magnified 8x but was soon refined to the 20x magnification he used for his observations for Sidereus nuncius. It had a convex objective lens and a concave eyepiece in a long tube.

Detailed explanation-2: -In 1609 Galileo pointed his telescope skywards to study the phases of the Moon and created very accurate sketches of his observations. These sketches showed that the lunar surface was rough rather than smooth, full of different areas of dark and light.

Detailed explanation-3: -He had a focus shift that adjusted the length of the telescope showing that he was aware of the optical power of lenses which he linked to their “lengths”. He also defined and calculated the apparent field of view of his telescope and used this to measure angular distances between celestial bodies.

Detailed explanation-4: -Galileo used his telescope to advance the theory that the Earth was not the center point of creation, which the Roman Catholic Church considered “false and contrary to scripture.” Despite the summer heat, the Senate of Venice assembled on this day in 1609 to view a remarkable scientific instrument.