SOLAR SYSTEM

Detailed explanation-1: -As seen in the equation v = SQRT(G * Mcentral / R), the mass of the central body (earth) and the radius of the orbit affect orbital speed.

Detailed explanation-2: -The orbital speed of the satellite depends on its altitude above the Earth. To maintain an orbit that is 35, 786 km above the Earth, a satellite must orbit at the speed of about 11, 300 km per hour. That orbital speed and distance permit the satellite to make one revolution in exactly 24 hours.

Detailed explanation-3: -It is always directed inwards towards the center of the orbit of the rotating object. Mathematically, the centripetal force acting on an object (satellite revolving around Earth) is given by m v 2 R, where is a mass of an object, is the velocity of the object and is the radius of the orbit.

Detailed explanation-4: -So for Newton, the force of gravity acting between the earth and any other object is directly proportional to the mass of the earth, directly proportional to the mass of the object, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance that separates the centers of the earth and the object.

Detailed explanation-5: -From Kepler’s third law one gets a major part of the final form of the law of force: The gravitational force experienced by a planet is proportional to its mass and inversely proportional to the square of its distance from the sun.