SOLAR SYSTEM

Detailed explanation-1: -During re-entry, the shuttle is going so fast, it compresses the air ahead of it. The compression of the air layers near the leading edges of the shuttle is quick, causing the temperature of the air to rise to as high as 3000 degrees Fahrenheit! Being in contact with the shuttle, it heats the shuttle’s surface.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Shuttle uses a rocket propulsion system to get into orbit, but during re-entry the aircraft is actually an un-powered glider. Small steering rockets are used for maneuvering early in the re-entry because the low density of the air at altitudes above 50 miles makes aerodynamic surfaces ineffective.

Detailed explanation-3: -But, remember, energy is conserved, so where does all the “lost” energy go? It converts to heat (from friction) caused by the atmosphere’s molecules striking its leading edges. This heat makes the Shuttle’s surfaces reach temperatures of up to 1477° C (2691° F).

Detailed explanation-4: -They are made up of what is called a porous silicon material that is very light and extremely heat resistant. There are two main types of tiles, one a black-coated tile called HRSI for High-Temperature Reusable Surface Insulation tile. These tiles can withstand up to 2, 300 degrees F (1, 260 degrees C).

Detailed explanation-5: -Spacecraft reentry is tricky business for several reasons. When an object enters the Earth’s atmosphere, it experiences a few forces, including gravity and drag. Gravity will naturally pull an object back to Earth. But gravity alone would cause the object to fall dangerously fast.

Detailed explanation-6: -Heat shields are essentially used as the brakes to stop spacecraft burning up and crashing on entry and re-entry into a planet’s atmosphere. This design is the first in the world to utilise centrifugal forces that stiffen lightweight materials to prevent burnup.