UNIVERSE
SPACE EXPLORATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Mariners 4 and 5 in 1965.
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Vikings 1 and 2 in 1976.
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Voyagers 1 and 2 in 1979.
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Pathfinder and Sojourner in 1997.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The first spacecraft to successfully land on Mars, Viking 1 was part of a two-part mission to investigate the Red Planet and search for signs of life. Viking 1 consisted of both an orbiter and a lander designed to take high-resolution images, and study the Martian surface and atmosphere.
Detailed explanation-2: -Viking 1 launched on August 20, 1975. It arrived in Mars orbit on June 19, 1976 and the lander touched down on July 20, 1976. Viking 2 launched less than a month after Viking 1 on September 9, 1975. The spacecraft arrived in orbit on August 7, 1976 and the lander touched down on September 3.
Detailed explanation-3: -These experiments discovered unexpected and enigmatic chemical activity in the Martian soil, but provided no clear evidence for the presence of living microorganisms in soil near the landing sites.
Detailed explanation-4: -Each orbiter-lander pair flew together and entered Mars orbit; the landers then separated and descended to the planet’s surface. The Viking 1 lander touched down on the western slope of Chryse Planitia (the Plains of Gold), while the Viking 2 lander settled down at Utopia Planitia.
Detailed explanation-5: -The Viking program consisted of a pair of identical American space probes, Viking 1 and Viking 2, which landed on Mars in 1976. Each spacecraft was composed of two main parts: an orbiter designed to photograph the surface of Mars from orbit, and a lander designed to study the planet from the surface.
Detailed explanation-6: -Viking 2 landed on Mars in September 1976–immediately following the first successful spacecraft landing on Mars by Viking 1–and was part of NASA’s early two-part mission to investigate the Red Planet and search for signs of life.
Detailed explanation-7: -Operations were terminated on August 17, 1980, after 1, 485 orbits. A 2009 analysis concluded that, while the possibility that Viking 1 had impacted Mars could not be ruled out, it was most likely still in orbit. More than 57, 000 images were sent back to Earth.