SOLAR SYSTEM

Detailed explanation-1: -The magnetic field lines near sunspots often tangle, cross, and reorganize. This can cause a sudden explosion of energy called a solar flare. Solar flares release a lot of radiation into space. If a solar flare is very intense, the radiation it releases can interfere with our radio communications here on Earth.

Detailed explanation-2: -The x-rays from flares are stopped by our atmosphere well above the Earth’s surface. They do disturb the Earth’s ionosphere, however, which in turn disturbs radio communications. Along with energetic ultraviolet radiation, they heat the Earth’s outer atmosphere, causing it to expand.

Detailed explanation-3: -A sunspot is a cooler, and therefore darker, region of the Sun’s photosphere caused by a solar magnetic disturbance. Strong, dense magnetic fields generated by circulating plasma sometimes become entangled and surge through the photosphere, creating the sunspot.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Sun produces a solar wind-a continuous flow of charged particles-that can affect us on Earth. It can, for example, disrupt communications, navigation systems, and satellites. Solar activity can also cause power outages, such as the extensive Canadian blackout in 1989.

Detailed explanation-5: -Solar energetic particles, or SEPs, are high-energy charged particles-mostly electrons and protons-accelerated by activity on the Sun. SEPs can be accelerated on the Sun in conjunction with solar flares, or they can be accelerated in space-for example, at the forefront of a fast-moving coronal mass ejection.