THORAX ABDOMEN AND PELVIS

Detailed explanation-1: -The kidneys are considered “retroperitoneal” organs, which means they sit behind a lining in the abdominal cavity, unlike all other abdominal organs.

Detailed explanation-2: -Kidneys are covered by peritoneal covering only on the anterior side, therefore they are called retroperitoneal.

Detailed explanation-3: -The kidneys are paired retroperitoneal structures that are normally located between the transverse processes of T12-L3 vertebrae, with the left kidney typically somewhat more superior in position than the right.

Detailed explanation-4: -The retroperitoneal space contains the kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, nerve roots, lymph nodes, abdominal aorta, and inferior vena cava.