THORAX ABDOMEN AND PELVIS

Detailed explanation-1: -The olfactory nerve is the least tested cranial nerve. [3] Testing is performed by having patients close their eyes and occlude one nostril. A familiar scent (such as coffee, soap, or cloves) is introduced to the open nostril, and the patient is instructed to sniff the substance and identify it.

Detailed explanation-2: -The olfactory nerve is the first cranial nerve and is instrumental in our sense of smell. The olfactory nerve contains only afferent sensory nerve fibers and, like all cranial nerves, is paired.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ask the patient to look up or wrinkle the forehead; inspect for asymmetry. Ask him or her to close the eyes tightly. Look for incomplete closure or incomplete “burying” of the eyelashes on the affected side. Observe the nasolabial folds and mouth while the patient is concentrating on the eyes.

Detailed explanation-4: -5th Cranial nerve For the 5th (trigeminal) nerve, the 3 sensory divisions (ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular) are evaluated by using a pinprick to test facial sensation and by brushing a wisp of cotton against the lower or lateral cornea to evaluate the corneal reflex.