THORAX ABDOMEN AND PELVIS

Detailed explanation-1: -They involve both the circular muscles that ring the tubes of your digestive tract and also longitudinal muscles that span the walls of the tubes. The circular muscles squeeze and expand in a synchronized way to push the food through the tube while the longitudinal muscles propel everything forward.

Detailed explanation-2: -Slow transit constipation is characterised by the reduced motility of the large intestine, caused by abnormalities of the enteric nerves. The unusually slow passage of waste through the large intestine leads to chronic problems, such as constipation and uncontrollable soiling.

Detailed explanation-3: -The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) stimulates peristalsis via the myenteric plexus. The afferent (sensory) nerves of the myenteric plexus deliver information to interneurons within the plexus. Interneurons communicate with efferent nerves, stimulating an action potential (spike-wave) within smooth muscle cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Infection, usually from a virus. Certain medications that slow the rate of stomach emptying, such as narcotic pain medications. Scleroderma-a connective tissue disease. Nervous system diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease or multiple sclerosis.