THORAX ABDOMEN AND PELVIS

Detailed explanation-1: -The kidneys have two main ways to maintain acid-base balance-their cells reabsorb bicarbonate HCO3− from the urine back to the blood and they secrete hydrogen H+ ions into the urine. By adjusting the amounts reabsorbed and secreted, they balance the bloodstream’s pH.

Detailed explanation-2: -The kidneys help control acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and generating bicarbonate that helps maintain blood plasma pH within a normal range. Protein buffer systems work predominantly inside cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Every organ system of the human body relies on pH balance; however, the renal system and the pulmonary system are the two main modulators.

Detailed explanation-4: -In the convoluted distal tubule (early distal tubule), most H-ion secretion occurs by means of the Na+/H+ exchanger.