WORLD CIVILIZATION

Detailed explanation-1: -The drains had holes at regular intervals which were used for cleaning and inspection. The water from bathrooms on the roofs and upper stories was carried through enclosed terracotta pipes or open chutes that emptied into the street drains. The Indus valley’s drainage system was found 4, 500 years ago.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Indus were the first people to have indoor plumbing, perhaps as early as 3000 BC. The pipes were positioned so that wastewater flowed down into the drain ditches that ran along every avenue in the city, and then into underground tunnels.

Detailed explanation-3: -The house drains were connected to underground main drains, which opened into large brick culverts on the outskirts of the city. The drains were provided with manholes. This provision of such a systematic drainage system in every city shows that the people paid great attention to sanitation and health.

Detailed explanation-4: -The oldest evidence of a plumbing system is the discovery of copper water pipes in palace ruins of India’s Indus River Valley. These pipes date all the back to 4000-3000 B.C. In addition, earthen plumbing pipes dating around 2700 B.C. have been uncovered in the Indus Valley’s ancient urban settlement.

Detailed explanation-5: -The cities of the ancient Indus were noted for their urban planning, baked brick houses, elaborate drainage systems, water supply systems, clusters of large non-residential buildings, and techniques of handicraft and metallurgy.