WORLD CIVILIZATION

Detailed explanation-1: -The Phoenicians were not a nation in the political sense. However, they were organized into independent city-states that shared a common language and culture. The leading city-states were Tyre, Sidon, and Byblos. Rivalries were expected, but armed conflict was rare.

Detailed explanation-2: -In 538 Phoenicia passed under the rule of the Achaemenid Persians. The region was later taken by Alexander the Great and in 64 bce was incorporated into the Roman province of Syria; Aradus (Arwād), Sidon, and Tyre, however, retained self-government.

Detailed explanation-3: -Definition. The governments of such Phoenician cities as Tyre, Sidon, and Byblos were led by hereditary monarchs throughout their history. Those individual cities typically acted autonomously from each other and only rarely did they form mutual alliances.

Detailed explanation-4: -Phoenicia was an ancient civilization composed of independent city-states located along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea stretching through what is now Syria, Lebanon and northern Israel.