WORLD CIVILIZATION

Detailed explanation-1: -The Phoenicians and Greeks were the first of the Mediterranean sailors to navigate far from land and to sail at night. They made primitive charts and knew a crude form of dead reckoning. They used observations of the Sun and the North Star, or polestar, to determine directions.

Detailed explanation-2: -Along with their famous purple dyes, Phoenician sailors traded textiles, wood, glass, metals, incense, papyrus, and carved ivory. In fact, the word “Bible, ‘’ from the Greek biblion, or book, came from the city of Byblos. It was a center of the trade of papyrus, a common writing material in the ancient world.

Detailed explanation-3: -Because they sailed before the invention of the compass, Phoenicians had to rely on landmarks and the stars for navigation. Some say the North Star was called the Phoenician Star in ancient times. large animals that were probably elephants.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Phoenicians were not only excellent traders. They were skilled navigators as well. They traveled widely and established colonies wherever they went. The major Phoenician trade routes were by sea to the Greek islands, across southern Europe, down the Atlantic coast of Africa, and up to ancient Britain.