WORLD CIVILIZATION

Detailed explanation-1: -Sumerian cities during the Uruk period were probably theocratic and were most likely headed by a priest-king (ensi), assisted by a council of elders, including both men and women. It is quite possible that the later Sumerian pantheon was modeled upon this political structure.

Detailed explanation-2: -Instead of a grid of streets built at right angles, Sumerian city-states had narrow, winding streets. Each city was surrounded by a thick, protective wall made of mud bricks. Typically, rulers-first priests then, later, kings-merchants, and craftsmen lived within the city’s walls.

Detailed explanation-3: -Sumerians believed that their entire city belonged to its main deity, and built a massive temple, the most important building in the city, to be the dwelling place of their city’s main god or goddess.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Sumerians had a common language and believed in the same gods and goddesses. The belief in more than one god is called polytheism. There were seven great city-states, each with its own king and a building called a ziggurat, a large pyramid-shaped building with a temple at the top, dedicated to a Sumerian deity.