WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Spain and Portugal were the only signatories of the treaty because at the time, they were the only European powers to establish a presence in the Americas. The treaty did not consider any future claims made by the British, French, and other European superpowers of their respective times.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Treaty of Tordesillas was a treaty between Portugal and Spain in 1494. The countries decided to divide up all the land in the Americas between Portugal and Spain. However, Natives had no say in this treaty. The Spanish Pope Alexander VI was the Pope at the time of the treaty.

Detailed explanation-3: -The treaty altered the location of the demarcation line, which allowed Portugal to claim the coast of Brazil, discovered by Pedro Álvares Cabral. Pope Julius II sanctioned the treaty in 1506.

Detailed explanation-4: -Pope Alexander VI issues a papal bull or decree, “Inter Caetera, ” in which he authorizes Spain and Portugal to colonize the Americas and its Native peoples as subjects. The decree asserts the rights of Spain and Portugal to colonize, convert, and enslave. It also justifies the enslavement of Africans.

Detailed explanation-5: -The treaty amended papal bulls issued by Pope Alexander VI in 1493. These declarations had granted Spain an exclusive claim to the entirety of North and South America. Alexander wished to accommodate the colonial aspirations of the Catholic Monarchs of his native land.