WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Spanish and Portuguese were able to establish their large empires in Asia because they encountered virtually no resistance. The Sultans in Malaysia and Indonesia were easy to overcome. The Portuguese had superior sea power, fought ruthlessly and operated out of fortified ports.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Portuguese were the first Europeans to establish a colonial presence in the Indonesian Archipelago.

Detailed explanation-3: -Portugal colonized parts of South America (Brazil, Colónia do Sacramento, Uruguay, Guanare, Venezuela), but also made some unsuccessful attempts to colonize North America (Newfoundland and Labrador and Nova Scotia in Canada).

Detailed explanation-4: -In the 1600s, the Dutch East India Company (VOC) began colonizing parts of Indonesia. After the abolition of the VOC in 1796, the Dutch government gained control over Indonesia, which was then referred to as the Netherlands East Indies.

Detailed explanation-5: -Since gaining foothold in Southeast Asian region by acquiring port of Malacca in 1511, Portuguese sent exploratory expeditions into Indonesian archipelago, and sought to dominate the sources of valuable spices and to extend their Roman Catholic missionary efforts.