WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -The debate continued in the later half of the 19th century as China was slowly partitioned into various spheres of influence. The southeast of China was occupied by the French, the northeast by the Germans, the south by the British, the northwest by the Russians, and the north by the Japanese.

Detailed explanation-2: -This settlement allowed Austria, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, and Russia all to claim exclusive trading rights with specific areas of China. These areas were referred to as “spheres of influence".

Detailed explanation-3: -Following its loss of the two Opium Wars, China entered a period where foreign imperial powers developed ‘spheres of influence’ within its borders. Each of the following nations developed and established ‘spheres of influence’ in China after the mid-1800s: France, Britain, Germany, Russia and Japan.

Detailed explanation-4: -The eight nations’ spheres in Qing China were designated primarily for trade purposes. Great Britain, France, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Germany, Italy, Russia, the United States, and Japan each had exclusive special trading rights, including low tariffs and free trade, within Chinese territory.