WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Even with the eventual capture of Joan by the Burgundians and her execution in 1431, a series of crushing French victories such as those at Patay in 1429, Formigny in 1450 and Castillon in 1453 concluded the war in favour of the Valois dynasty.

Detailed explanation-2: -End. The war ended in 1453 by a crushing victory of the French at the Battle of Castillon in which nearly 300 cannons, made by Jean Bureau and his brother Gaspard, were used for the first time in a battle.

Detailed explanation-3: -The English had effectively won the war; Henry V was at the height of his power and was set to be crowned king of both England and France.

Detailed explanation-4: -English offensives in 1345–1347, during the Hundred Years’ War, resulted in repeated defeats of the French, the loss or devastation of much French territory and the capture by the English of the port of Calais.

Detailed explanation-5: -A French army, under Jean Bureau, defeats an English army under John Talbot to end the Hundred Years’ War. This was also the first battle in European history where the use of cannon was a major factor in determining the victor. John Talbot was killed in action. 4, 000 English killed in this battle.