WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -perestroika, (Russian: “restructuring”) program instituted in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Gorbachev in the mid-1980s to restructure Soviet economic and political policy.

Detailed explanation-2: -He called them glasnost (’openness’) and perestroika (’restructuring’). 3. Perestroika aimed to revive the economy through decentralisation, weakening the power of Soviet central planners and allowing more local decision-making and some private ownership.

Detailed explanation-3: -The literal meaning of perestroika is “reconstruction", referring to the restructuring of the Soviet political and economic system, in an attempt to end the Era of Stagnation.

Detailed explanation-4: -The ostensible aim of perestroika, on the other hand, was not to abolish the command economy, but to improve the efficiency of socialism in order to better address the needs of Soviet people by incorporating liberal economic principles.

Detailed explanation-5: -Glasnost was taken to mean increased openness and transparency in government institutions and activities in the Soviet Union (USSR). Glasnost reflected a commitment of the Gorbachev administration to allowing Soviet citizens to discuss publicly the problems of their system and potential solutions.