WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -During the mid-nineteenth century, Italy was divided into various Kingdoms ruled by different dynasties. Northern Italy was under the control of the Austrian Habsburgs, the Centre was ruled by the Pope, and the South was ruled by the Bourbon Kings of Spain.

Detailed explanation-2: -Capetian Dynasty (987 to 1328) The Capetian Dynasty, the male-line descendants of Hugh Capet ruled France continuously from 987 to 1792 and again from 1814 to 1848. The branches of the dynasty which ruled after 1328, however, are generally given the specific branch names of Valois and Bourbon.

Detailed explanation-3: -Louis XVIII (Louis Stanislas Xavier; 17 November 1755 – 16 September 1824), known as the Desired (French: le Désiré), was King of France from 1814 to 1824, except for a brief interruption during the Hundred Days in 1815.