WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -These revolutions were led by the liberal-nationalists belonging to the educated middle-class elite, among whom were professors, school-teachers, clerks and members of the commercial middle classes.

Detailed explanation-2: -The liberal nationalists belonged to the educated middle class elite among whom were the professors school teachers clerks and members of the commercial middle classes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Answer: Politically, they demanded constitutionalism with national unification, nation-state with a written constitution and parliamentary administration. Socially, they wanted to rid society of its class-based partialities and birthrights.

Detailed explanation-4: -The correct option is A It adheres to the values of freedom, tolerance, equality, and individual rights. Liberal nationalism adheres to the values of freedom, tolerence, equality and individual rights.

Detailed explanation-5: -Civic nationalism, also known as liberal nationalism, is a form of nationalism identified by political philosophers who believe in an inclusive form of nationalism that adheres to traditional liberal values of freedom, tolerance, equality, individual rights and has no ethnocentrism.