WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -one-child policy, official program initiated in the late 1970s and early ‘80s by the central government of China, the purpose of which was to limit the great majority of family units in the country to one child each. The rationale for implementing the policy was to reduce the growth rate of China’s enormous population.

Detailed explanation-2: -From the 1970s the fertility rate declined dramatically, mainly as a consequence of the national population policy whose aim has been to limit birth numbers, control population growth and boost economic growth. Having achieved such a low fertility rate, how will China’s population policy evolve in the future?

Detailed explanation-3: -The fertility rate decreased after 1980. The birth rate decreased after 1980. The overall rate of natural increase (the difference between the birth rate and the death rate) declined. The Chinese government estimated that some 400 million births were prevented by the policy, although some analysts dispute this finding.

Detailed explanation-4: -PIP: In 1949, Mao Zedong encouraged the Chinese to have many children, continuing traditional practices. Other factors that contributed to high fertility at the time (1949-1957) were 1) social and economic conditions and 2) the high demand for manual labor.

Detailed explanation-5: -Anxious that rapid population growth would strain the country’s welfare systems and state-planned economy, the Chinese state began limiting how many children families could have in the late 1970s. The limit in most cases was just one child.