WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Perestroika (/ˌpɛrəˈstrɔɪkə/; Russian: ) was a political movement for reform within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) during the late 1980s widely associated with CPSU general secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning “openness") policy reform.

Detailed explanation-2: -This term stemmed from Khrushchev’s promise in 1961 of reaching communism in 20 years. It was in the 1980s that the Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev coined the term “Era of Stagnation” to describe the economic difficulties that developed when Leonid Brezhnev ruled the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982.

Detailed explanation-3: -Also known as “the Iron Curtain, ” the Soviet economic system called for self-sufficiency in all matters, from bread to clothes to cars to fighter aircraft.

Detailed explanation-4: -In 1986, Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and his advisers adopted glasnost as a political slogan, together with the term perestroika. Alexander Yakovlev, Head of the Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, is considered to be the intellectual force behind Gorbachev’s reform program.