WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Between 1945 and 1960, three dozen new states in Asia and Africa achieved autonomy or outright independence from their European colonial rulers.

Detailed explanation-2: -The end of the 18th and mid 19th century saw the first era of decolonization, when most of the European colonies in the Americas, notably those of Spain, New France, and the Thirteen Colonies, gained their independence from their metropole.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nevertheless, in the three years after the end of the Second World War, India, Pakistan, Burma and Ceylon all achieved independence from the British Empire, with Malaya and Singapore (as an independent republic) to follow later in 1957 and 1965 respectively.

Detailed explanation-4: -Independence was granted to India (from the United Kingdom), Indonesia (from the Netherlands), the Philippines (from the US) and a number of Arab nations, from specific mandates which had been granted to great powers from League of Nations Mandates.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Second World War accelerated the movement toward decolonization. Japanese victories over the US, France, Britain and the Netherlands showed that the western countries were not invincible. To keep the loyalty of their largest colony during the war, the British promised independence to India.