WORLD HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -In his study of winter warfare in Russia, author Allen F. Chew concludes that “General Winter” was a ‘substantial contributing factor’-not a decisive one-in the military failures of both Napoleon’s and Hitler’s invasions of Russia.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Russian army refused to engage with Napoleon’s Grande Armée of more than 500, 000 European troops. They simply retreated into the Russian interior. The Grande Armée did not have the supplies or the distribution networks required for such a long march.

Detailed explanation-3: -The adverse environmental conditions, the weak state of his army, the incompetence of his officers, and the superior tactics of his enemies all forced Napoleon to wage war from a disadvantageous position and eventually led to his demise.

Detailed explanation-4: -The French Invasion of Russia Napoleon hoped to compel Tsar Alexander I of Russia to cease trading with British merchants through proxies in an effort to pressure the United Kingdom to sue for peace. The official political aim of the campaign was to liberate Poland from the threat of Russia.

Detailed explanation-5: -The French invasion of Russia, also known as the Russian campaign, the Second Polish War, the Army of Twenty nations, and the Patriotic War of 1812 was launched by Napoleon to force the Russian Empire back into the continental blockade of the United Kingdom.