WORLD RELIGIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -Answer and Explanation: The two most important principles that Confucius taught was to seek to attain the virtues of Jen and Li. Jen is translated as humanness and encouraged humans to be charitable. Li is translated as ritual and it encouraged humans to demonstrate good manners and proper etiquette.

Detailed explanation-2: -Confucius believed that to restore order, societies had to encourage certain virtues, such as loyalty, trustworthiness, and respecting your elders. He believed people were capable of attaining these and other virtues through education.

Detailed explanation-3: -Confucianism has embraced and absorbed new thoughts from many other scholars ever since its origin, but it still shares with Confucius the core Confucian principles, such as the virtues of humanity, social and ritual propriety, righteousness, loyalty and filial piety.

Detailed explanation-4: -Though there is considerable emphasis on the duties the lower-ranked family members owe to their higher-ranked relatives (two cardinal virtues of an ideal Confucian household are filial piety and obedience), those in superior positions have a reciprocal duty of caring, support and guidance to the subordinate members.

Detailed explanation-5: -“The five constant relationships” () refers to the five fundamental relationships in Confucian philosophy: those between ruler and subject, father and son, elder brother and younger brother, husband and wife, and friend and friend.