WORLD RELIGIONS

Detailed explanation-1: -The Legalists believed that government could only become a science if rulers were not deceived by pious, impossible ideals such as “tradition” and “humanity.” In the view of the Legalists, attempts to improve the human situation by noble example, education, and ethical precepts were useless.

Detailed explanation-2: -The founders of legalism. Shang Yang (c. 390-338 BCE) is considered one of the important early philosophers of legalism. A Qin state official, he reorganized the state under the Qin leader Duke Xiao.

Detailed explanation-3: -Legalism holds that human beings are essentially bad because they are inherently selfish. No one, unless forced to, willingly sacrifices for another. According to the precepts of Legalism, if it is in one’s best interest to kill another person, that person will most probably be killed.

Detailed explanation-4: -In Chinese philosophy, the concept of human nature emphasizes that humans are fundamentally different from birds, beasts, and animals. The discussion of human nature in Chinese philosophy often involves distinguishing humans from animals.