ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -“A huge proportion of your immune system is actually in your GI tract, ” says Dan Peterson, assistant professor of pathology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. “The immune system is inside your body, and the bacteria are outside your body.” And yet they interact.

Detailed explanation-2: -The immune system plays a crucial role in the susceptibility, persistence, and clearance of these infections. With 70-80% of immune cells being present in the gut, there is an intricate interplay between the intestinal microbiota, the intestinal epithelial layer, and the local mucosal immune system.

Detailed explanation-3: -Primary lymphoid organs: These organs include the bone marrow and the thymus. They create special immune system cells called lymphocytes. Secondary lymphoid organs: These organs include the lymph nodes, the spleen, the tonsils and certain tissue in various mucous membrane layers in the body (for instance in the bowel).

Detailed explanation-4: -The gut microbiome is intimately linked with the immune system; not only do gut bacteria play a key role in educating immune cells, but bacteria and their metabolites can both stimulate and soothe our immune response.