ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Proteins are composed of amino acid subunits that form polypeptide chains. Enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions by speeding up chemical reactions, and can either break down their substrate or build larger molecules from their substrate. The shape of an enzyme’s active site matches the shape of the substrate.

Detailed explanation-2: -An enzyme is a biological catalyst and is almost always a protein. It speeds up the rate of a specific chemical reaction in the cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -A protein molecule is made from a long chain of these amino acids, each linked to its neighbor through a covalent peptide bond (Figure 3-1). Proteins are therefore also known as polypeptides. Each type of protein has a unique sequence of amino acids, exactly the same from one molecule to the next.

Detailed explanation-4: -Enzymes Enzymes are typically proteins (some nucleic acids have also been found to be enzymes) that act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions that would take a long time to occur on their own. Enzymes speed up the vast majority of the chemical reactions that occur in cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -Enzymes are proteins, and they make a biochemical reaction more likely to proceed by lowering the activation energy of the reaction, thereby making these reactions proceed thousands or even millions of times faster than they would without a catalyst. Enzymes are highly specific to their substrates.