ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Bladder stones are also called “vesical calculi” or “cystoliths.” They occur due to a buildup of minerals that happens if the bladder does not completely empty after urination. Eventually, the leftover urine becomes concentrated, and minerals within the liquid turn into crystals.

Detailed explanation-2: -The medical term for bladder stones is bladder calculi. Bladder stones generally develop when some urine stays in the bladder after you pee. Without treatment, stones can cause infections, bleeding and long-term problems in the urinary tract.

Detailed explanation-3: -The surgical removal of bladder stones.

Detailed explanation-4: -There are four main types of kidney and ureteral stones-calcium, uric acid, struvite and cystine.

Detailed explanation-5: -In adults, the most common type of vesical stone (seen in more than 50% of cases) is composed of uric acid. Less frequently, bladder calculi are composed of calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, ammonium urate, cysteine, or magnesium ammonium phosphate (when associated with infection).