ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The increased CO2 is what leads to an increase in hydrogen ions and a slight increase in bicarbonate, as seen by a right shift in the following equilibrium reaction of carbon dioxide: CO2 + H2O-> H2CO3–> HCO3-+ H+

Detailed explanation-2: -Carbon dioxide influences the pH of blood by reacting with water to form carbonic acid (H2CO3), which can dissociate to form a hydrogen ion (H+) and a hydrogen carbonate ion (HCO3-). Increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood therefore results in more H+ ions and a lower pH.

Detailed explanation-3: -When carbon dioxide levels increase in the blood, the pH levels will decrease due to the buildup of hydrogen ions. Increasing hydrogen ions will always decrease the pH level making the blood more acidic.

Detailed explanation-4: -If blood carbon dioxide levels increase (such as through hypoventilation), then blood hydrogen ion levels will decrease. Thus, the statement is TRUE.

Detailed explanation-5: -Increased [H+] results in decreased pH, which is termed acidemia, and decreased [H+] results in increased pH termed alkalemia. Hydrogen ions are produced continually through body metabolic processes and either excreted through the kidneys or buffered.