ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The urologic surgeon may perform a nephrectomy through a single incision in the abdomen or side (open nephrectomy) or through a series of small incisions in the abdomen using a camera and small instruments (laparoscopic nephrectomy). In some cases, these laparoscopic procedures are performed using a robotic system.

Detailed explanation-2: -Radical nephrectomy is usually performed through a retroperitoneal flank incision, although a transperitoneal approach, with a midline or paramedian incision, may be also employed.

Detailed explanation-3: -Kidney removal, or nephrectomy, is surgery to remove all or part of a kidney. It may involve: Part of one kidney removed (partial nephrectomy). All of one kidney removed (simple nephrectomy).