ANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Blood enters the capillaries of the glomerulus by a single arteriole called an afferent arteriole and leaves by an efferent arteriole. The capillaries consist of a tube lined by endothelial cells with a central lumen. The gaps between these endothelial cells are called fenestrae.

Detailed explanation-2: -Nephrons are the functional unit of the kidney which consist of a cup-shaped structure (Bowman’s capsule) enclosing the tuft of blood capillaries known as the glomerulus and a tubular end.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each nephron contains a network of small blood vessels, called glomerulus, which are enclosed in a sac called Bowman’s capsule. The filtered waste product (urine) flows through tiny tubes and is then passed from the kidneys to the bladder through bigger tubes called ureters.

Detailed explanation-4: -Blood enters nephrons, a million tiny filtering units found in each kidney. The peritubular capillaries move the blood through the nephrons into filters called the glomerulus. These filters trap fluid, small molecules, and waste in the tubule.

Detailed explanation-5: -The glomerulus is a capillary bed within the nephron, and filtration of fluid out of the glomerulus occurs both as a result of the structure of the nephron, and of Starling’s forces. The glomerulus is part of the vascular structure of the nephron.