GENERAL ANATOMY
URINARY SYSTEM
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The kidneys eliminate waste from the blood.
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They control the volume of water in the body.
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They regulate pH and osmolality.
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They make the hormones adrenaline and progesterone.
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Detailed explanation-1: -A small gland that makes steroid hormones, adrenaline, and noradrenaline. These hormones help control heart rate, blood pressure, and other important body functions. There are two adrenal glands, one on top of each kidney.
Detailed explanation-2: -Adrenaline triggers the body’s fight-or-flight response. This reaction causes air passages to dilate to provide the muscles with the oxygen they need to either fight danger or flee. Adrenaline also triggers the blood vessels to contract to re-direct blood toward major muscle groups, including the heart and lungs.
Detailed explanation-3: -Renin is an enzyme, also produced by the kidneys, that plays an important role in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone hormonal system, which helps to control blood pressure.
Detailed explanation-4: -The adrenal medulla is located inside the adrenal cortex in the center of an adrenal gland. It produces “stress hormones, ” including adrenaline.