BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -All of the amino acids (except for proline) have a carboxyl group and an amino group. At physiological pH the natural amino acids exist as zwitterions, with a negatively charged carboxyl group and a positively charged amino group.

Detailed explanation-2: -Proline is one of the -amino acids that are used by living organisms as the building blocks of proteins. The L-isomer of proline, which is the only form that is involved in protein synthesis, is one of the 20 standard amino acids common in animal proteins and required for normal functioning in humans.

Detailed explanation-3: -Amino acids can be classified according to the locations of the core structural functional groups, as alpha-(-), beta-(-), gamma-(-) or delta-(-) amino acids; other categories relate to polarity, ionization, and side chain group type (aliphatic, acyclic, aromatic, containing hydroxyl or sulfur, etc.).

Detailed explanation-4: -The amino acids having amino and carboxyl group attached to the same carbon, i.e., alpha-carbon atom is called as alpha-amino acids. Example: Glycine, Alanine etc.