BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The addition of a water molecule hydrolyzes, or breaks, glycosidic bonds. This is known as hydrolysis reaction.

Detailed explanation-2: -Likewise, glycosidic linkages are broken through the addition of a water molecule in a hydrolysis reaction. Hydrolysis assists the release of monosaccharides for metabolism. Different linkages require specific enzymes for hydrolysis to break the bond.

Detailed explanation-3: -Glycosidic bonds are cleaved by an SN1 reaction as discussed in the section of cellulose hydrolysis. In contrast, amide is hydrolyzed by an SN2 reaction, in which the attack of water molecule to protonated carbonyl group is the rate-determining step.

Detailed explanation-4: -The glycosidic bond forms between carbon one of the first glucose and carbon four of the second glucose molecule. A molecule of water is lost, and so this reaction is called a condensation reaction.

Detailed explanation-5: -The reverse reaction in which the polysaccharide or disaccharide is broken down into their constituent monomeric sugars is known as hydrolysis because a water molecule is needed to cleave the glycosidic bond.