BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Serine, threonine, glutamine, and asparagine are polar but neutral (uncharged) amino acids. These side chains can form multiple hydrogen bonds, so they prefer to project into the aqueous phase. If they are on the inside of the protein they are hydrogen-bonded to other buried polar groups.

Detailed explanation-2: -Asparagine and glutamine are amides formed from aspartic acid and glutamic acid respectively. Amides contain more nitrogen than amino acids and hence, they are transported to other parts of the plant via xylem vessels.

Detailed explanation-3: -Six amino acids have side chains that are polar but not charged. These are serine (Ser), threonine (Thr), cysteine (Cys), asparagine (Asn), glutamine (Gln), and tyrosine (Tyr).

Detailed explanation-4: -Asparagine is the amide of aspartic acid. The amide group does not carry a formal charge under any biologically relevant pH conditions. The amide is rather easily hydrolyzed, converting asparagine to aspartic acid.