BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Changing the pH disrupts the hydrogen bonds, and this changes the shape of the protein.

Detailed explanation-2: -Remember that the tertiary structure of the protein is in part held together by ionic bonds just like those we’ve looked at between the enzyme and its substrate. At very high or very low pH’s, these bonds within the enzyme can be disrupted, and it can lose its shape.

Detailed explanation-3: -At pH 9 or higher, DNA is susceptible to alkaline denaturation due to the abundance of hydroxide ions. These negatively-charged ions remove hydrogen ions from the base pairs of DNA, thereby breaking the hydrogen bonds between and causing the DNA strands to denature.

Detailed explanation-4: -Factors affecting enzyme activity However, extreme high temperatures can cause an enzyme to lose its shape (denature) and stop working. pH: Each enzyme has an optimum pH range. Changing the pH outside of this range will slow enzyme activity. Extreme pH values can cause enzymes to denature.

Detailed explanation-5: -These bonds are formed when one atom donates its valence electron(s) to another atom. Ionic bonds are stronger in nature but they can be broken. Ionic bonds can be broken by dissolving in water or by heating at a high temperature.