BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones. The carbohydrates can be monosaccharides, oligosaccharides or polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are made up of single unit composed of 3 to 7 carbon atoms, e.g., glyceraldehyde, erythrose, ribose, glucose, fructose, sedoheptulose.

Detailed explanation-2: -Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and have a general formula that approximates CH2O. They are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or form polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones when hydrolyzed. Carbohydrates occur as monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides.

Detailed explanation-3: -Fructose is a ketose sugar because it has a ketone group (C=O) in its structure.

Detailed explanation-4: -Ketose is a monosaccharide whose carbon skeleton has a ketone group. Only in the presence of reducing sugar, they can isomerize to aldose. They are used in processed food. Examples of ketose are ribulose, fructose, etc.

Detailed explanation-5: -We define polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones are those carbon compounds, in which the number of carbon atoms is high, where more than one carbon atom has an alcohol or hydroxyl group (−OH) group and the terminal carbon has either the aldehyde (−CHO) or the ketone (−C=O) group.