BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -An anhydrase is defined as an enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a water molecule from a compound, and so it is this “reverse” reaction that gives carbonic anhydrase its name, because it removes a water molecule from carbonic acid.

Detailed explanation-2: -Carbonic anhydrase catalyses the hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate, which then dissociates to form hydrogen ions and bicarbonate.

Detailed explanation-3: -Carbonic anhydrase (CA; carbonate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2. 1.1) is a zinc-containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide: CO2+ H2O<–>HCO3(-)+H+. The enzyme is the target for drugs, such as acetazolamide, methazolamide, and dichlorphenamide, for the treatment of glaucoma.

Detailed explanation-4: -Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a thoroughly studied enzyme. Its primary role is the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate in the cells, where carbon dioxide is produced, and in the lungs, where it is released from the blood. At the same time, it regulates pH homeostasis.

Detailed explanation-5: -Carbonic anhydrase plays an important role in respiration by influencing CO2 transport in the blood. The enzyme also functions in the formation of hydrochloric acid by the stomach.